0
Research Papers: Hydrogen Energy

# Energy Process-Step Model of Hydrogen Production in the U.S. Chemical Industry

[+] Author and Article Information
Nesrin Ozalp

Department of Qatar Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 23874, Doha, Qatarnesrin.ozalp@qatar.tamu.edu

J. Energy Resour. Technol 131(2), 022601 (May 20, 2009) (10 pages) doi:10.1115/1.3120383 History: Received April 04, 2008; Revised February 26, 2009; Published May 20, 2009

## Abstract

This paper gives a representative energy process-step model of hydrogen production in the U.S. Chemical Industry based on federal data. There have been prior efforts to create energy process-step models for other industries. However, among all manufacturing industries, creating energy flow models for the U.S. Chemical Industry is the most challenging one due to the complexity of this industry. This paper gives concise comparison of earlier studies and provides thorough description of the methodology to develop energy process-step model for hydrogen production in the U.S. Chemical Industry. Results of the energy process-step model of hydrogen production in the U.S. Chemical Industry show that steam allocations among the end-uses are 68% to process cooling (steam injection to product combustion gases), 25% to process heating, and 7% to other process use ($CO2$ converter). The model also shows that the major energy consuming step in hydrogen production is the reformer, which consumes approximately 16 Peta Joules (PJ) fuels. During the course of this study, the most recent U.S. federal energy database available was for the year 1998. Currently, the most recent available U.S. federal energy database is given for the year 2002 based on the data collected from 15,500 establishments.

<>

## Figures

Figure 1

Fuel, steam, waste heat, and electricity allocation among end-uses in Industrial Gas Manufacturing, 1998, PJ

Figure 2

Energy end-use model of the Industrial Gas Manufacturing in 1998, PJ

Figure 3

Allocation of fuel, steam, waste heat, and electricity among process end-uses in 1998, PJ

Figure 4

Energy process-step model of hydrogen production in 1998, PJ

## Discussions

Some tools below are only available to our subscribers or users with an online account.

### Related Content

Customize your page view by dragging and repositioning the boxes below.

Related Journal Articles
Related Proceedings Articles
Related eBook Content
Topic Collections