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Research Papers

Production of Biodiesel From Used Mustard Oil and Its Performance Analysis in Internal Combustion Engine

[+] Author and Article Information
Baljinder Singh1

Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, Indiagilljwms2@rediffmail.com

Jagdeep Kaur

Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, India

Kashmir Singh

Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, Indiakashmirbio@pu.ac.in

1

Corresponding author.

J. Energy Resour. Technol 132(3), 031001 (Aug 31, 2010) (4 pages) doi:10.1115/1.4002203 History: Received July 22, 2009; Revised June 15, 2010; Published August 31, 2010; Online August 31, 2010

Abstract

Decline in fossil fuel resources along with high crude oil prices generated attention toward the development of fuel from alternate sources. Such fuel should be economically attractive and performance competent in order to replace the fossil fuel. Mustard oil from Indian mustard, Brassica campestris, is commonly used for cooking in Indian households and restaurants. Cooking produces spent mustard oil waste, which is generally drained as garbage. We explored the possibility of using such spent mustard oil for making biodiesel. Transesterification of spent oil was carried out using methanol and sulfuric acid (95%) as catalysts followed by bubble washing. Clear biodiesel was obtained from esterified oil after five bubble washings. Methyl ester formations were calculated by measuring its density at $15°C$ and viscosity at $40°C$ and were found to be $89 g/cm3$ and $4.83 mm2/s$, respectively. Studies on engine performance were conducted using a Prony brake internal combustion (IC) diesel engine using various blending ratios of biodiesel with commercial diesel. The fuel blends were evaluated for parameters such as speed of engine, fuel consumption, and torque against pure diesel. Brake power, specific fuel consumption, and thermal efficiency were also measured. The results indicate that dual fuel with a blend of 8% biodiesel yielded good efficiency in the IC-diesel engines without the need for making any modifications in the engine.

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Figures

Figure 1

Effect of load on torque of IC engine using diesel alone (D) and different blends of biodiesel and diesel (B5, B8, and B10)

Figure 2

Effect of load on brake horsepower of IC engine using diesel alone (D) and different blends of biodiesel and diesel (B5, B8, and B10)

Figure 3

Brake specific fuel consumption for diesel (D) and different blends of biodiesel and diesel (B5, B8, and B10)

Figure 4

Brake thermal efficiency for diesel (D) and different blends of biodiesel and diesel (B5, B8, and B10)

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