Suppression of Unstable Flow at Small Flow Rates in a Centrifugal Blower by Controlling Tip Leakage Flow and Reverse Flow

The effects of the inlet recirculation arrangement on inducer stall and the diffuser width on diffuser stall in a high specific speed type centrifugal impeller with inducer were analyzed by a numerical simulation and also verified experimentally. It is found that the incipient unstable flow occurs due to a rolling-up vortex flow resulting from an interaction between the tip leakage flow and the reverse flow accumulated at the pressure side immediately downstream of the inducer tip throat in which a strong streamwise component of vorticity is included. By forming the inlet recirculation flow, the tip leakage vortex is effectively sucked into the suction ring groove, and the flow incidence is decreased simultaneously. The unstable flow range of the test blower was reduced significantly by about 45% without deteriorating the impeller characteristics by implementing optimally both the ring groove arrangement and the narrowed diffuser width.