Screening of Retired Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Incremental Capacity Charging Curve-Based Residual Capacity Estimation Method for Facilitating Sustainable Circular Lithium-Ion Battery System

The rapidly growing deployment of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles is associated with a great waste of natural resource and environmental pollution caused by manufacturing and disposal. Repurposing the retired lithium-ion batteries can extend their useful life, creating environmental and economic benefits. However, the residual capacity of retired lithium-ion batteries is unknown and can be drastically different owing to various working history and calendar life. In this study, we used the incremental capacity (IC) curve to estimate the residual capacity of waste power batteries. First, through experimental means, the parameters of the battery and the IC charging curve are measured. Second, to achieve rapid capacity estimation, a battery capacity estimation method based on the adaptive genetic algorithm-back propagation neural network (AGA-BPNN) is proposed and compared with other classic machine learning methods. The proposed algorithm reduced the error of capacity estimation to 3%. Finally, through the analysis of the IC curve, a method for identifying aging mechanism of large-scale decommissioned batteries is obtained. This research provides effective support for the capacity-based classification of large-scale decommissioned power batteries.