Power Loss Predictions in Geared Transmissions Using Thermal Networks-Applications to a Six-Speed Manual Gearbox

A model is presented which makes it possible to predict power losses in a six-speed manual gearbox. The following sources of dissipation, i.e., power inputs in the model, are considered: (i) tooth friction; (ii) rolling element bearings; (iii) oil shearing in the synchronizers and at the shaft-free pinion interfaces; and (iv) oil churning. Based upon the first principle of Thermodynamics for transient conditions, the entire gearbox is divided into lumped elements with a uniform temperature connected by thermal resistances which account for conduction, convection, and radiation. The numerical predictions compare favorably with the efficiency measurements from the actual gearbox at different speeds and torques. The results also reveal that, at lower temperatures (about $40°C$⁠), power loss estimations cannot be disassociated from the accurate prediction of temperature distributions.